Arma 3: Ships Config Guidelines

Intro

So you want to build a boat in Arma 3? Well lets start with some basics...

What's the difference between a boat and a ship?

- A ship is usually large enough to carry a boat. Subs are also called boats, regardless of size. :)

Creating boats in Arma 3 seems to be reasonably straight forward. They exist today (Speedboat, Inflatable boat etc), Arma 3 Tools include a Boat "sample". Creating ships in Arma 3 is a little more challenging.

Arma 3 has limitations when handling objects larger than 60m in any dimension. The main limitations from a boats/ships perspective is the inability for MAN class to stand on the object, so when getting out of a boat/vehicle onto a large object (ship), players will fall through the structure. Of course, we don't necessarily need Men walking about ships :) So ships larger than 60m should be possible...

For Arma purposes, lets call boats anything shorter than 60m and ships over 60m. Small Subs (SDV) are those less than 60m, while Large Subs are greater than 60m (i.e. ship size).

There are 2 approaches to ships and boats to date in Arma 3. Typically boats are modelled and implemented as "vehicles" where as ships historically have been implemented as a single or multiple "static" objects stitched together (i.e. LHD, Fregata, Destroyer etc).

A few very brave modders have attempted to mix the two. USS Iowa (mod by AusSnipe73) - http://www.armaholic.com/page.php?id=27109 - defines a ship vehicle but then attaches many different static objects and turrets to the ship to build out a 270m long vessel (using an init script to attachto all the ship parts).

Similar efforts have been used to attempt to get a driveable LHD (from Arma 2).

There seems to be 3 areas of exploration within the modding community:

1. PhysX ships larger than 60m that you can land/park vehicles on, that feature accurate weapon systems
2. PhysX ships larger than 60m that a Man can walk on...
3. PhysX subs longer than 60m (that can dive and maneouvre like a real sub)

There are a number of interesting mods out for Arma 3 today in the realm of naval vessels:

• http://www.armaholic.com/list.php?c=arma3_files_addons_vehicles_sea

101 Getting a Boat in Game

Don't forget to open and use the sample Boat p3d from Arma 3 Tool samples for reference.

Object Builder

1. Create your boat model using your favourite modelling app. Blender can export to arma format using AlWarren's Arma Toolbox for Blender. Object Builder can also import 3DS Max or OBJ format.
2. In the Resolution 0 LoD create a face(s) that follows the outline of any opening in the boat where players maybe sitting. Assign the anti-water texture to this face.
3. Add textures and materials as necessary. Ensure any beacons/lights use materials that emit light.
4. Ensure you have simplified LoDs for shadowvolume, geo lod, fire lod etc
5. Create View Pilot, View Cargo, View Gunner LoDs as necessary
6. Create the Hit Points LoD
7. Create the Memory points LoD. Ensure you have points for the engine axis, propeller axis, waterEffects right and left, fastWaterEffects left and right, engineEffect points for each engine and position of lights (usually green, red and white navigation lights on naval vessels). Optionally, if creating a boat add slingloading points 1,2,3,4 at the corners of the boat.
8. Copy the geo lod for the physx lod
9. For the geo lod ensure the mass is evenly distributed around the geo lod components.
10. Copy the four GEO LOD Boxes from the sample boat to your geo lod. Adjust as necessary.
11. For the Physx geo lod, merge all components into a single component. Remove any textures, mass etc
12. Copy the physx geo lod to create the buoyancy lod. Ensure that all components are convex.
13. Remove any autocenter=0 entries.

Config

Example Ship specific config entries to use for RHIB type boat

		simulation             		 = "shipx";  /// all ships should have this simulation
		maxSpeed					 = 90;		/// top speed of the vehicle
		overSpeedBrakeCoef     		 = 0.8;		/// how much does the vehicle itself brake in case it goes faster than maxSpeed
		enginePower            		 = 235;		/// power of engine in kW
		engineShiftY           		 = 0.1;		/// relative virtual position of engine for PhysX, affects lateral ship slope during turns
		waterLeakiness         		 = 1.0;		/// amount of litres per second that leaks into ship if under water, destroyed or turned upside down
		turnCoef 					 = 0.25; 	/// how well is the ship able to turn
		thrustDelay 				 = 2;		/// initial delay to cause lesser slip when on 1st gear - thrust goes from zero to full in this time
		waterLinearDampingCoefY 	 = 2;		/// affect how fast does the ship go through waves down - higher values make it drift more on top of waves
		waterLinearDampingCoefX 	 = 2.0;		/// affects sliding of the ship in turns
		waterAngularDampingCoef 	 = 1.2;		/// increase this for smoother movement, but beware too high values
		waterResistanceCoef 		 = 0.015;	/// how much does water slow the ship down
		rudderForceCoef				 = 0.100000;	/// increase this to gain more turning on lower speeds
		rudderForceCoefAtMaxSpeed	 = 0.003000;	/// increase this to gain more turning on higher speeds
		idleRpm = 200;							/// revolutions per minute at which the engine idles
		redRpm = 1200;							/// maximum revolutions per minute of the engine

		class complexGearbox
		{
			GearboxRatios[]    = {"R1",-0.782,"N",0,"D1",2.0,"D2",1.85,"D3",1.75};
			TransmissionRatios[] = {"High",1.0}; // Optional: defines transmission ratios (for example, High and Low range as commonly found in offroad vehicles)
			gearBoxMode        = "auto"; //gearbox can be of type: full-auto (only requires 'W' or 'S'), auto (requires shift between drive and reverse), semi-auto, manual
			moveOffGear        = 1; // defines what gear an automatic or semi-automatic gearbox will move off from stationary in. 1 by default.
			driveString        = "D"; // string to display in the HUD for forward gears.
			neutralString      = "N"; // string to display in the HUD for neutral gear.
			reverseString      = "R"; // string to display in the HUD for reverse gears.
		};

		waterEffectSpeed = 5;
		engineEffectSpeed = 5;
		waterFastEffectSpeed = 28;
		
		leftEngineEffect = "LEngEffectsSmall"; 	/// Particle effect class for engine particles
		rightEngineEffect = "REngEffectsSmall";
		leftFastWaterEffect 	 = "LFastWaterEffects";		/// defines what class of water effect is going to be used while sailing fast
		rightFastWaterEffect 	 = "RFastWaterEffects";		/// defines what class of water effect is going to be used while sailing fast

		// These are points in the memory LOD that represent the spawning points for water particle FX. The first ones represent bow FX, 
		// the last ones represent the foam generated by the engine propeller 
	        memoryPointsLeftWaterEffect = "waterEffectR";
	        memoryPointsRightWaterEffect = "waterEffectL";
	        memoryPointsLeftEngineEffect = "EngineEffectL";
	        memoryPointsRightEngineEffect = "EngineEffectR"; 

		brakeDistance	 = 3; /// how many internal waypoints should the AI plan braking in advance

		slingLoadCargoMemoryPoints[] = {"SlingLoadCargo1","SlingLoadCargo2","SlingLoadCargo3","SlingLoadCargo4"};
 

WIP

Please be aware of the Arma 3 modding license: http://community.bistudio.com/wiki/Arma_3_Modding_License

Comparison to A2/OA ships

• PhysX support (ShipX, SubmarineX)
• Improved support for vehicles landing on objects/vehicles (PhysX interaction)
• Firing from Vehicles
• Support for Buoyancy LOD
• Picture in Picture - Render to texture (See here)
• Random visual variants (textures, accessories, doors) (See here)
• Reflectors, markerlights and beacons (See here)
• Improved penetration materials
• More detailed Fire Geometry LODs
• Improved tweakability of HitPoints LODs

Model requirements {p3d}

Thanks to Hatchet and the guys on the Arma 3 Model Makers skype channel for much of this information.

General

The behavior of the ship in the water does not depend anymore on the LandContact points, but on the GEO and PHYSX LODs. The PHYSx LOD seems to represent the water displacement of the ship. If you put too much mass (a value over the displacement) the ship sinks. The PHYSx LOD must be similar in form and size, to the ship's hull. It must also follow the Geometry LOD rules (closed and convex) and must be composed of only one component (that's what BIS says in the VSB2 editing wiki)

GEO is very important. You must balance the mass in all axis (plural axes?) and keep the weight down so the ship doesn't turn and sinks. In subs it is specially important because it controls how it moves once submerged and how it maintains depth.

LODs (included in Arma 3 boat p3ds)

• Resolution LODs
  • Anti-water rvmat required - a plane that will hide the water shader. so in a boat, you'd want it below the 'players viewpoint', and it will hide the water below that. so if bouncing thru waves or whatever, the bottom of your hull would remain visible.
• ShadowVolume 0, 10, 1000, 1010
• Bouyancy LOD (BIS spelling!)
  
  • buoyancy LOD can contain more than one component (convex/closed/tris). but for components in the water (especially all the time), they really should be a single component with physx geometry in general, it's usually best to have no intersecting geometry. especially with the bouy lod. as it will double physx calcs in the water. Outside of that.. nothing really special about it. you want to keep the face count as low as possible. but honestly it can handle a lot before you actually see performance hits in a typical environment.
  • "you can have more than one bouy component, the behavior can be really odd depending on where the geometry resides in the object space. so generally speaking, i'd would keep it a single piece. and adjust the geometry as i did on the front of the example boat (pictured right) where i lowered the bouy lod to adjust how it sits in the water. as weighting it that way, had negative influences on the physx."

From VBS2 wiki... 
Ensure that the geometry is accurate to the shape of the ship, with accurate mass distribution and realistic Center of Mass.
Create a simplified copy of the geometry, for use in the displacement LOD. 
The displacement LOD should adhere to these rules:
   * Have as few faces as possible - high face counts will have a negative impact on performance.
   * Convex components must not penetrate each other if possible (especially on permanently immersed parts). If they penetrate, then their volume and surface is calculated twice.
   * Convex components must not even touch each other. Merge them together if possible. (especially on permanently immersed parts). If they touch, then their surface is calculated twice. This is not that big a problem on not permanently immersed parts.
   * Inside areas must not be modeled. Volume is not calculated for this area and inside surface is then added, which we do not want.
   * Volume of the object represents what will generate buoyancy. Do not model parts which can instantly fill with the water.
   * Surface of the object represents what will generate resistance in water. Create only one convex component for permanently immersed part.
The ideal displacement LOD is built of a single component which matches (approximately) the shape of the hull. It is important that the volume be reasonably close to the real volume of the ship, as this is used for buoyancy calculations.
The displacement LOD adheres to the normal rules for geometry LODs.

• A new PhysX LOD
  
  • There needs to be a lod (4e13) consisting of convex components as simple as possible.
    • Requires the latest Arma 3 Tools to binarizE
• Memory LOD
  • See Model.cfg for a list of memory points
  • Additionally the placement of the water effects is important. They must be below the waterline. Worth noting, if those memory points come out of the water in the simulation ... the engine will shut off (or wont turn on). These points are also where the 'thrust' is applied to the model. So there is a bit of a balancing act that can go on, depending on the speed/size of the vessel and relative weather conditions (eg.. 30 setWaves 1).
  • Mirrors and screens should have RTT texture: #(argb,256,512,1)r2t(rendertargetX,1.0) - where X in rendertarget should be a number
  • Randomly generated accessories should have their selections independent on all other selections (mainly the main body and all the glass selections), glass as a part of hide-able accessory should be handled as two separate selections
  • Beacons and markerlights should have their material set to emit light
• Geo
  • Regarding the GEO LOD, it is very important to remove the autocenter=0 property in the properties tab of the GEO LOD. Otherwise the ship will inmediately sink.
  • The basic concept/goal is to weight the vehicle accurately, the 'center of mass' should be about center vertically, and towards the rear of the vessel. This makes the vessel sit a little deeper aft when idle. What is important to note, is that the weighting is being applied to the Geometry LOD, but you need to balance the 'center of mass' around the shape of the PhysX GEO LOD.
  • What is also important to note is that the amount of weight you enter must counter the 'displacement' of the PhysX GEO LODs. I say LODs because I can't recall exactly if the Buoyancy LOD was actually responsible for that calculation. Either way, one of the PhysX LODs assumes a certain amount of displacement, and your total amount of mass must be balanced against that.
• Roadway
  • Needed for AI to be able to path find their way around, may also be needed for aircraft TBD
• View Cargo
• View Pilot
• View Gunner
• Fire Geo
• View Geo
• HitPoints

Model Config {model.cfg}

• Nothing specific to boats/ships in model.cfg, suggest that you follow the example provided in arma 3 tools boat samples

Config (config.cpp)

Ship/Boat Config Classes in Arma 3

• Base class is Ship (inherits AllVehicles) and uses simulation = "ship". There are 4 child classes:
  • SmallShip - not used
  • BigShip - not used
  • FloatingStructure_F
    • FloatingStructure_F uses simulation ShipX.
    • Submarine_01_F inherits from FloatingStructure_F but is defined as vehicleClass="submerged" and does not appear to be implemented as a "vehicle".
    • C_Boat_Civil_04_F inherits from FloatingStructure_F is defined as vehicleClass="submerged" and does appear to be implemented as a "vehicle" but you cannot interact with it (get in etc).
  • Ship_F
    • Boat_F is the basis of most of the "boats" in Arma 3.
      • Boat_Armed_01_base_F uses simulation shipX.
      • Boat_Civil_01_base_F uses simulation shipX.
      • Rubber_duck_base_F uses simulation shipX.
      • SDV_01_base_F uses simulation submarineX and is used as the basis for all SDVs in Arma 3.

Submarine and Ship Config Detail

Thanks to Mankyle for the following explanation and sample Sub.

airCapacity = 1209600;

Quite important for submarines. Determines the time the crew inside the ship can be below the surface before dying suffocated for lack of air. It seems that when using class submarinex, the engine sets the crew as if they were below the water

verticalTurnCoef = 20.2;

This line seems to control the speed for ascending/descending.

waterSpeedFactor = 3.0;

No idea of what this does. I have tried a couple of values and I haven't seen changes

periscopeDepth = 15.5;

This is the depth the sub mantains when you activate the "Mantain periscope Depth" Action. It is important to know that for big models (not a SDV sized submarine) that this depth DOES NOT coincide with the depth marker in the left upper corner of the screen

idleRpm = 1000;

Self explaining

redRpm = 4000;

thrustDelay = 2;

thrustDelay is the time the engine needs from 0 thrust to 1 thrust (or 0% to 100%). Time is in seconds.

simulation = "submarinex";
simulation = "shipx";

PHYSx simulation classes

overSpeedBrakeCoef = 0.8;

Brake effectivity. If you follow VBS 2 explanations, this value is (overSpeedBrakeCoef*enginePower). The higher the value, the better it brakes

enginePower = 3278;

Engine power in HPs. (according to VBS2 wiki - set the total engine power, in kW)

engineShiftY = 2;

This lines tells where the engine applies the force related to the origin of the model. Esentially what one mus calculate is the distance in the vertical axis between the Y value of center of mass of the model and the Y Value of the propeller, waterjet or whaterver moves the ship. Negative values tend to make the bow rise when you accelerate and positive values tend to make it dive. From vbs2 wiki - Adjust the height at which the engine force is applied to the hull, relative to the model origin, in m. Used for large ships, this will cause the ship to lean more/less in fast turns.

waterLeakiness = 1000;

This parameter determines the quantity of water (M^3 x S) that will fill the volume of the PHYSx LOD per second. Tipically lower vaues for boats, higher for bigger ships. Modifies the sinking rate of a ship when this suffers damage. From BIS Cars Config "WaterLeakiness should be amount of water in liters that goes into selected object per second. This is set to zero by engine for all vehicles with simulation of a ship or having canFloat = 1 (unless they are toppled of destroyed, then config value takes precedence). WaterLeakiness = 10; seems to be a good value to start with for all kinds of vehicles no matter the size (which is a bit spooky, but it works)."

waterResistanceCoef = 0.01;

Represents the resistance if the hull. The higher the value the higher the resistance. This affects acceleration and maximum speed.

waterLinearDampingCoefX = 10.0;

This value represents lateral movements produced by waves. Higher values will make the ship corner better and slide less to the sides.

waterLinearDampingCoefY = 1.2;

This one represents vertical movements depending on the waves. Higher values will modify how much the ship sinks/goes down depending on the waves. It can also affect the flotation line maintaining the ame Ship mass. Higher values will also make a ship sink slower

waterAngularDampingCoef = 8.0;

Smooth the angular movement in all axis, higher values will reduce swinging/swaying, but may cause strange behavior in turns/rolling over waves.

rudderForceCoef = 12;

Set how effective the rudder is, small boats are typically 0.5 - 5, large ships are typically 100 - 200.

rudderForceCoefAtMaxSpeed = 15;

How the rudder works. The higher the value the more the ship will turn, BUT the more it will incline when turning. Values to high could even make a ship turn upside down (and sink) when turning. If you are transporting non scripted vehicles the can easily fall if this value is set too high.

There are two values. The first one is for low speed (usually ships turn better when sailing faster than a certain speed) and the second one when going at MEDIUM or FAST speed.

     memoryPointsLeftWaterEffect = "waterEffectR";
     memoryPointsRightWaterEffect = "waterEffectL";
     memoryPointsLeftEngineEffect = "EngineEffectL";
     memoryPointsRightEngineEffect = "EngineEffectR";

These are points in the memory LOD that represent the spawning points for water particle FX. The first ones represent bow FX, the last ones represent the foam generated by the engine propeller. See https://community.bistudio.com/wiki/Arma_3_Particle_Effects:_Config_Parameters#Parameter:_leftFastWaterEffect_.2F_rightFastWaterEffect

Example Collins class submarine that uses submarinex simulation class:

http://www.freeuploadsite.com/uploads/13725721431.rar

Example Config for Armed Speedboat

Key noted items from Boat_Armed_01_base_F

		radarType = 8;
		steerAheadSimul = 0.5;
		steerAheadPlan = 0.35;
		predictTurnPlan = 0.8;
		predictTurnSimul = 0.6;
		brakeDistance = 5;
		acceleration = 15;
		turnCoef = 0.75;
		maxSpeed = 75;
		simulation = "shipx";
		waterLeakiness = 55.5;
		waterLinearDampingCoefY = 5;
		waterLinearDampingCoefX = 2;
		waterAngularDampingCoef = 1.2;
		waterResistanceCoef = 0.015;
		rudderForceCoef = 0.3;
		rudderForceCoefAtMaxSpeed = 0.02;
		waterEffectSpeed = 5;
		engineEffectSpeed = 5;
		waterFastEffectSpeed = 28;

Engine parameters

For indepth information about engine parameters see RedPhoenix's awesome BIF post http://forums.bistudio.com/showthread.php?165390-Tutorial-Creating-Custom-Engine-Gearbox-and-Suspension-Vehicle-config&p=2518019&viewfull=1#post2518019

Key noted items from Boat_Armed_01_base_F

		thrustDelay = 0.2;
		overSpeedBrakeCoef = 0.2;
		enginePower = 1085;
		engineShiftY = -0.1;
		idleRpm = 200;
		redRpm = 1200;
		class complexGearbox
		{
			GearboxRatios[] = {"R1",-0.782,"N",0,"D1",2,"D2",1.85,"D3",1.75};
			TransmissionRatios[] = {"High",1};
			gearBoxMode = "auto";
			moveOffGear = 1;
			driveString = "D";
			neutralString = "N";
			reverseString = "R";
		};

Config Comparison with USS Iowa (mod by AusSnipe73)

Inherits from Ship_F

		radarType = 4;
                simulation = "shipx";
		maxSpeed = 61;
		overSpeedBrakeCoef = 0.8;
		enginePower = 1580000;
		engineShiftY = 0.0;
		waterLeakiness = 1000.0;
		turnCoef = 1000.0;
		thrustDelay = 20;
		waterLinearDampingCoefY = 2;
		waterLinearDampingCoefX = 200.0;
		waterAngularDampingCoef = 1.2;
		waterResistanceCoef = 0.2;
		rudderForceCoef = 1000.0;
		rudderForceCoefAtMaxSpeed = 400.0;
		idleRpm = 500;
		redRpm = 1200;
		brakeDistance = 3;
		supplyRadius = 3;
		precision = 15;
		steerAheadSimul = 0.5;
		steerAheadPlan = 0.35;
		predictTurnPlan = 0.8;
		predictTurnSimul = 0.6;
		class complexGearbox
		{
			GearboxRatios[] = {"R1",-0.782,"N",0,"D1",2.0,"D2",1.85,"D3",1.75};
			TransmissionRatios[] = {"High",1.0};
			gearBoxMode = "auto";
			moveOffGear = 1;
			driveString = "D";
			neutralString = "N";
			reverseString = "R";
		};

Config for SDV in Arma 3

Inherits from Boat_F

		radarType = 8;
                verticalTurnCoef = 0.05;
		turnCoef = 0.5;
		steerAheadSimul = 0.5;
		steerAheadPlan = 0.35;
		predictTurnPlan = 0.8;
		predictTurnSimul = 0.6;
		brakeDistance = 25;
		acceleration = 15;
		maxSpeed = 30;
		waterSpeedFactor = 1;
		periscopeDepth = 1.2;
		idleRpm = 200;
		redRpm = 1200;
		thrustDelay = 2;
		formationX = 15;
		formationZ = 15;
		simulation = "submarinex";
		overSpeedBrakeCoef = 0.8;
		enginePower = 45;
		engineShiftY = 0.4;
		waterLeakiness = 0;
		waterResistanceCoef = 0.015;
		waterLinearDampingCoefX = 2;
		waterLinearDampingCoefY = 0.8;
		waterAngularDampingCoef = 1;
		rudderForceCoef = 0.2;
		rudderForceCoefAtMaxSpeed = 0.05;

Weapon Systems

Turret Config

 class Turrets: Turrets
		{
			class FrontTurret: NewTurret
			{
				class HitPoints
				{
					class HitTurret
					{
						armor = 0.8;
						material = 60;
						name = "otochlaven";
						visual = "otochlaven";
						passThrough = 1;
					};
					class HitGun
					{
						armor = 0.6;
						material = 60;
						name = "otochlaven";
						visual = "otochlaven";
						passThrough = 1;
					};
				};
				stabilizedInAxes = 4;
				body = "MainTurret";
				gun = "MainGun";
				animationSourceBody = "mainTurret";
				animationSourceGun = "mainGun";
				gunnerAction = "gunner_Mrap_01";
				gunnerGetInAction = "GetInMedium";
				gunnerGetOutAction = "GetOutMedium";
				ejectDeadGunner = 0;
				outGunnerMayFire = 1;
				inGunnerMayFire = 1;
				soundServo[] = {"A3\sounds_f\dummysound",0.00562341,1};
				gunBeg = "usti hlavne";
				gunEnd = "konec hlavne";
				weapons[] = {"GMG_40mm"};
				magazines[] = {"200Rnd_40mm_G_belt"};
				discreteDistance[] = {100,200,300,400,600,800,1000,1200};
				discreteDistanceInitIndex = 2;
				gunnerName = "Commander";
				memoryPointGunnerOptics = "commanderview";
				gunnerOpticsModel = "\A3\weapons_f\reticle\Optics_Gunner_02_F";
				turretInfoType = "RscOptics_crows";
				gunnerForceOptics = 0;
				startEngine = 0;
				commanding = 2;
				primaryGunner = 0;
				primaryObserver = 1;
				LODTurnedIn = 1100;
				LODTurnedOut = 1100;
				usePip = 1;
				minElev = -15;
				maxElev = 40;
				initElev = 5;
				minTurn = -135;
				maxTurn = 135;
				initTurn = 0;
				class ViewOptics: RCWSOptics
				{
				};
				class ViewGunner: ViewOptics
				{
					initAngleX = -15;
					minAngleX = -45;
					maxAngleX = 45;
					initFov = 0.9;
					minFov = 0.42;
					maxFov = 0.9;
					visionMode[] = {};
				};
			};
			class RearTurret: FrontTurret
			{
				class HitPoints
				{
					class HitTurret
					{
						armor = 0.8;
						material = 60;
						name = "otochlaven2";
						visual = "otochlaven2";
						passThrough = 1;
					};
					class HitGun
					{
						armor = 0.6;
						material = 60;
						name = "otochlaven2";
						visual = "otochlaven2";
						passThrough = 1;
					};
				};
				stabilizedInAxes = 0;
				body = "RearTurret";
				gun = "RearGun";
				animationSourceBody = "RearTurret";
				animationSourceGun = "RearGun";
				gunnerAction = "gunner_standup01";
				gunnerGetInAction = "GetInMedium";
				gunnerGetOutAction = "GetOutMedium";
				ejectDeadGunner = 0;
				soundServo[] = {"A3\sounds_f\dummysound",0.00562341,1};
				gunBeg = "usti hlavne2";
				gunEnd = "konec hlavne2";
				memoryPointGunnerOptics = "gunnerview2";
				weapons[] = {"HMG_01"};
				magazines[] = {"200Rnd_127x99_mag_Tracer_Green","200Rnd_127x99_mag_Tracer_Green","200Rnd_127x99_mag_Tracer_Green"};
				gunnerName = "Rear gunner";
				gunnerOpticsModel = "\A3\weapons_f\reticle\Optics_Commander_02_F";
				gunnerForceOptics = 0;
				proxyIndex = 2;
				startEngine = 0;
				commanding = 1;
				primaryGunner = 1;
				primaryObserver = 0;
				LODTurnedIn = 1000;
				LODTurnedOut = 1000;
				usePip = 0;
				gunnerLeftHandAnimName = "OtocHlaven2_Shake";
				gunnerRightHandAnimName = "OtocHlaven2_Shake";
				minElev = -5;
				maxElev = 60;
				initElev = 5;
				minTurn = -360;
				maxTurn = 360;
				initTurn = -181;
				class ViewOptics: ViewOptics
				{
					initAngleX = 0;
					minAngleX = -30;
					maxAngleX = 30;
					initAngleY = 0;
					minAngleY = -100;
					maxAngleY = 100;
					initFov = 0.7;
					minFov = 0.25;
					maxFov = 1.1;
				};
				class ViewGunner: ViewOptics
				{
					initAngleX = 5;
					minAngleX = -65;
					maxAngleX = 85;
					initAngleY = 0;
					minAngleY = -150;
					maxAngleY = 150;
					initFov = 0.7;
					minFov = 0.25;
					maxFov = 1.1;
				};
				maxHorizontalRotSpeed = 1.8;
				maxVerticalRotSpeed = 1.2;
			};
		};

Weapons

 class Boat_Armed_01_base_F
	{
		model = "\A3\Boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\Boat_Armed_01_minigun_F.p3d";
		picture = "\A3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\ui\Boat_Armed_01_minigun.paa";
		Icon = "\A3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\ui\map_boat_armed_01_minigun.paa";
		displayName = "Speedboat Minigun";
		class AnimationSources: AnimationSources
		{
			class muzzle2_source
			{
				source = "reload";
				weapon = "LMG_Minigun";
			};
			class muzzle2_source_rot
			{
				source = "ammorandom";
				weapon = "LMG_Minigun";
			};
			class ReloadAnim
			{
				source = "reload";
				weapon = "LMG_Minigun";
			};
			class ReloadMagazine
			{
				source = "reloadmagazine";
				weapon = "LMG_Minigun";
			};
			class Revolving
			{
				source = "revolving";
				weapon = "LMG_Minigun";
			};
		};
		class Turrets: Turrets
		{
			class FrontTurret: FrontTurret
			{
			};
			class RearTurret: RearTurret
			{
				weapons[] = {"LMG_Minigun"};
				magazines[] = {"2000Rnd_65x39_belt_Tracer_Red"};
				LODTurnedIn = 1000;
				LODTurnedOut = 1000;
				gunBeg = "z_gunR_muzzle";
				gunEnd = "z_gunR_chamber";
				gunnerOpticsModel = "";
			};
		};
	};

Ship Attachments

Example from Fregata CfgSkeletons:

"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\amg_84_harpoon_launcher.001",
"",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\amg_84_harpoon_launcher.002",
"",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\crane.001",
"",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\rhib.001",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\crane.001",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\crane.002",
"",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\rhib.002",
"proxy:\ca\water2\fregata\crane.002",

Damage handling

Boats/Ships offer differing protection levels for themselves and crew inside, depending on place you hit them. Balancing damage is usually most time-consuming task for armored vehicles.

Basic config

		armor = 30;

		class Damage
		{
			tex[] = {};
			mat[] = {"A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_ext.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_ext_damage.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_ext_destruct.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_int.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_int_damage.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_int_destruct.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_ctrls.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_ctrls_damage.rvmat","A3\boat_F\Boat_Armed_01\data\Boat_Armed_01_ctrls_destruct.rvmat","A3\Static_F_Gamma\data\staticturret_01.rvmat","A3\Static_F_Gamma\data\StaticTurret_01_damage.rvmat","A3\Static_F_Gamma\data\StaticTurret_01_destruct.rvmat","A3\Static_F_Gamma\data\staticturret_02.rvmat","A3\Static_F_Gamma\data\StaticTurret_02_damage.rvmat","A3\Static_F_Gamma\data\StaticTurret_02_destruct.rvmat","a3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\Minigun.rvmat","A3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\Minigun_damage.rvmat","A3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\Minigun_destruct.rvmat","a3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\Minigun_Boat_Armed_01_add.rvmat","A3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\Minigun_Boat_Armed_01_add_damage.rvmat","A3\boat_f\Boat_Armed_01\data\Minigun_Boat_Armed_01_add_destruct.rvmat","a3\Data_F\Vehicles\Turret.rvmat","A3\Data_F\Vehicles\Turret_damage.rvmat","A3\Data_F\Vehicles\Turret_destruct.rvmat"};
		};

Hitpoints

Hitpoints represent weak points in structure of ships: turret servos, ammo storages, engine. They can also improve internal penetration handling.

Example from Boat_Armed_01_base_F

class HitPoints
		{
			class HitBody
			{
				armor = 0.7;
				material = 50;
				name = "karoserie";
				visual = "zbytek";
				passThrough = 1;
			};
			class HitEngine
			{
				armor = 0.12;
				material = -1;
				name = "Engine";
				visual = "";
				passThrough = 1;
			};
			class HitTurret
			{
				armor = 0.7;
				material = -1;
				name = "otochlaven";
				visual = "otochlaven";
				passThrough = 1;
			};
		};

Hitpoint categories

There are 3 common hitpoint categories in Arma 3's vehicles:

• HitHull, handling internal penetration - when damaged over 0.9, vehicle will explode.
• HitEngine, handling damage of engine

Turrets have their own class HitPoints, coontaining info about how easy it is to damage given turret:

• HitTurret, horizontal rotation
• HitGun, vertical rotation - this should handle any event that renders tank guns inoperable, f.e. hit to servos

New attributes

Hitpoints gained two important config attributes in Arma 3:

• radius, defining size of “hitpoint sphere” around each vertice in Hit Points LOD assigned to given hitpoint’s selection
• explosionShielding, multiplying damage inflicted by indirect damage. The smaller it is, the less damage hitpoint will receive.

Internal damage

Internal damage is handled by HitHull class. When KE round penetrates the armor plates, it passes the damage to HitHull hitpoints array as seen in example model. The hitpoint vertices are set up in such way that the nearest distance between them equals RADIUS attribute in HitHull class, and they cannot be activated by rounds that fail to penetrate armor.

During implementation of internal damage handling it is important to tweak following attributes:

• armor
• explosionShielding
• radius

If the results of config tweaking are not satisfying, consider adding greater detail to Hit Points and Fire Geometry LODs.